[Answer] Which scientist was arrested for arguing that the Sun—not the Earth—was the center of the solar system?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "Which scientist was arrested for arguing that the Sun—not the Earth—was the center of the solar system?"

...In 1633, Galileo Galilei was tried by the Roman Catholic Church for publicly supporting the heliocentric model, which held that the Earth revolves around the Sun. This view directly contradicted the Church’s official endorsement of a geocentric universe at the time. Galileo was found “vehemently suspect of heresy,” forced to formaally recant his views, and spent the remainder of his life under house arrest. Despite his punishment, Galileo’s work laid critical groundwork for modern astronomy and helped usher in the Scientific Revolution.

[Answer] What branch of mathematics was developed by Isaac Newton?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "What branch of mathematics was developed by Isaac Newton?"

...Isaac Newton developed calculus in the late 17th century after realizing there was no existing mathematical framework to describe problems such as the speed of a falling object. Newton created what he called the “method of fluxions,” a system focused on motion, rates of change, and accumulation, which he later used to formulate his laws of motion and universal gravitation. Around the same time, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz developed calculus independently, and despite differing notation, their combined work laid the foundation for modern calculus.

[Answer] What is IBM’s one-word corporate slogan?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "What is IBM’s one-word corporate slogan?"

...The slogan “Think” has been closely associated with IBM since the early 20th century, when it was popularized by company president Thomas J. Watson Sr. More than a simple marketing tagline, “Think” became a core guiding philosophy within IBM, encouraging employees to approach complex problems thoughtfully, creatively, and analytically. The word went on to influence IBM’s internal culture, advertising campaigns, and even product branding for decades, making it one of the most recognizable slogans in modern corporate history.

[Answer] Which magazine popularized the modern image of Santa Claus?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "Which magazine popularized the modern image of Santa Claus?"

...The modern image of Santa Claus was largely popularized in the mid-19th century by political cartoonist Thomas Nast through a series of illustrations published in Harper’s Weekly. Beginning in 1863, Nast depicted Santa as a cheerful, bearded man with a round belly, a red suit trimmed in white fur, and a warm demeanor rooted in generosity and goodwill. These widely circulated images helped standardize Santa’s appearance in American culture, laying the groundwork for the version later reinforced and spread globally through advertising.

[Answer] What country elected the first woman ever to be prime minister?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "What country elected the first woman ever to be prime minister?"

...In 1960, Sri Lanka—then known as Ceylon—made history by electing Sirimavo Bandaranaike as prime minister, making her the first woman in the world to hold the office. She rose to power following the assassination of her husband, Prime Minister Solomon Bandaranaike, and went on to serve three nonconsecutive terms, leaving a lasting political legacy. Her election marked a groundbreaking milestone for women in global politics, decades before female leaders became more common in parliamentary democracies worldwide.